Exposure to air pollutant PM2.5 is related to a higher risk of death, hence mortality rates related to air pollution are a huge concern.
The primary concern regarding air pollution was its impact on respiratory health.
Air quality is linked to the earth's climate and ecosystems globally.
Short-term effects, which are temporary, include illnesses such as pneumonia or bronchitis.
They also include discomforts such as irritation to the nose, throat, eyes, or skin.
Land Pollution
Agricultural pesticides and improper disposal of waste can lead to soil contamination and chemicals from industrial activities, affecting soil fertility.
Exposure to contaminated soil and water leads to a variety of health problems, including respiratory issues, skin conditions, etc.
Contaminants in soil could be absorbed easily by crops, leading to dangerous levels of toxins in our staple diet, posing a risk to food safety and our health.
Water Pollution
Plastics from industrial waste disposals are thrown off into the rivers, lakes and oceans.This waste is then ingested by marine animals, causing harm to them by entering their food chains.
Agricultural runoffs and improper disposal of household chemicals introduce many harmful substances like heavy metals into water bodies like rivers and oceans,these chemicals can cause serious health issues for humans and aquatic life.
Water pollution is one of the many causes of thermal pollution, as the discharge of heated water, which runs off into the clean water bodies raises the temp. Of the water , disturbing the aquatic ecosystem too.
Light Pollution
Light pollution changes the nighttime visibility of natural features and can cause people some really beautiful scenes.
Light pollution also disorients migratory animals which could lead them to get lost.
Light pollution fosters bird collisions with lighted towers and buildings which could physically hurt them and damage the buildings.
Noise Pollution
Very loud noises can lead to irreversible physical damage to the hearing organs in humans and other animals.
Continuous loud and buzzing noises can produce increased stress levels.
It also disrupts ecosystems by driving and misdirecting certain species away.
Noise alters and changes the habits of wild creatures which could be very dangerous.
Plastic Pollution
It takes thousands of years for plastic to completely biodegrade, causing landfills to be full with plastics for thousands of years
Thermal pollution disturbs aquatic life because higher temperatures reduce oxygen levels in water, therefore increasing their vulnerability to diseases.
Thermal pollution also leads to ecosystem imbalance as the temperature changes can lead to a huge shift in species composition, potentially damaging the ecosystem a lot.
In addition, sudden temperature changes, for example, the release of warm water, can cause thermal shock to aquatic organisms, leading them to die.
The increased temperature leads to the faster depletion of dissolved oxygen and the increased release of toxins.
Zurich
Zurich, Switzerland, is consistently among the top global rankings for least polluted cities. Zurich is famous for its high living standards and serves as a demonstration of how proper urban management practices and environmental policies contribute to lessening air pollution levels leading to a neat habitable community.
Mexico City is one of the largest and most populated cities in the whole world. It experiences environmental problems that pose danger to the residents such as pollution, garbage, and urbanisation.
